What the CMA investigation found
The final decision covers public cloud infrastructure services. It found concerns about market concentration, barriers to switching and multi-cloud use, and Microsoft's software licensing practices.
- Customers spent £10.5 billion on cloud services in 2024, with spending growing nearly 30% annually since 2020.
- AWS and Microsoft each held 30-40% of IaaS supply in 2024 in the report's UK+EEA market scope.
- Less than 1% of customers switched provider each year. Multi-cloud was more prevalent than switching, but uncommon among small and medium-sized customers.
- Egress fees and technical differences were barriers to switching and multi-cloud use.
The report recommended prioritising potential Strategic Market Status investigations of AWS and Microsoft. A recommendation in a 2025 report is not itself a designation.